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The fast growing tree, especially the
fast growing shade tree is an excellent way to start off a bare or almost
bare plot and add value to your home.
Planting a fast growing tree is a great
and easy way to give your garden that landscaped look in double quick time.
However, it's not all as simple as it seems and there are some things that
you aught to be aware of before filling your plot up with saplings that
are raring to go.
Fast growing plants in general put their energy into
lots of prodigious leafy growth and height.
This means that they are frequently weak wooded, of rather untidy growth
pattern or both.
There is also little energy left for flowers.
Fast growth often means greedy feeders with aggressive often shallow
roots so frequently little can be grown at the base of these trees (even
grass).
The longer term answer therefore
is to plant some fast growers and then back them up with stronger, long-lived
trees that provide elegant architectural shapes, flowers, fruit, bark, fall
colors etc. Trees on this page are labeled
Fast, Faster or Fastest,
you won't be far off if you assume than growth rate is the opposite of wood
strength and particularly - longevity.
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Hybrid Poplar -
Populus hybrid -
Fastest
Amongst
the fastest growing trees, in good conditions, hybrid poplars will shade
a 1 story house in three years Hardy and rugged will grow almost anywhere.
Lifespan of 30-50 years, wind, insect and disease resistant. They
thrive even in bitter cold Canadian climate. The results of 50 years of
research by the U.S. Forest Service, they are used to reforest fire ravaged
land quickly and to reclaim strip mines and land fills. Good for screening,
too. Ensures privacy between houses and serves as a windbreak or snow fence
on farms. Planted 9' apart they grow into a solid green living wall in about
3 years.Willows
or poplars shouldn't be planted within 140 feet of a house or drains to
be safe. They have very vigorous far reaching roots and are thirsty enough
to make the soil expand and contract with the uptake of water so threatening
foundations.
To 60 feet tall and 30 foot spread. Zones
3 - 9, deciduous
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Weeping Willow
- Salix niobe / Salix babylonica -
Fastest
Probably
the fastest-growing shade tree. Grows as much as eight to ten feet a
year under ideal conditions. Slender, graceful drooping branches and
fine, narrow, leaves that change to a rich golden color in autumn. Handsome
bark makes this tree a showpiece in winter after the leaves are gone
as well as in summer. The weeping willow thrives in moist as well as
dry locations, frequently growing alongside river banks with a portion
of the roots under water. Tolerant of smog and smoke.
Willows or poplars
shouldn't be planted within 140 feet of a house or drains to be safe.
They have very vigorous far reaching roots and are thirsty enough to
make the soil expand and contract with the uptake of water so threatening
foundations.
To 50 feet high and 40
foot spread. Zones 4 - 9
deciduous
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Silver Maple
- Acer saccharinum
- Fastest
One
of the fastest - growing windbreak trees you can plant. Grows 3 feet
per year. The name comes from the foliage that has an attractive silvery
underside, best seen in a light breeze, turns golden yellow or orange-red
in fall.
To 80 feet tall with a 50 foot spread.
Zones 3 to 8 - deciduous
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Hardy Pecan - Carya Illinoinensis
- Faster
 A
beautiful tree that provides shade in summer and an abundant crop of
sweet, rich-flavored nuts in fall. This hardy tree is ideal for the
lawn because it does not shed its leaves until late in the fall and
it is practically immune to the attack of insects. The nuts are good
size and excellent quality. This hardy pecan will thrive and produce
anywhere peaches can be grown, like all nuts does best where there are
long warm summers. Plant two for best pollination.
To 100 feet tall and
70 foot spread. Zones 3 - 9,
deciduous.
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Ash -
Fraxinus spp. - Faster
To 40 - 60 feet tall, similar spread
with an oval crown. Zones 3 to 9, deciduous.
Green
Ash Zones: 3-9 The Green Ash tree, Fraxinus
Pennsylvanica, is a fast growing shade tree with rich green
foliage and an upswept branching habit. It is very adaptable.
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White
Ash Zones: 4-9 The White Ash tree, Fraxinus
Americana, is a handsome native tree. It develops an open and
rather round topped crown in its old age.
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Cimmaron
Ash Zones: 3-9 The Cimmaron Ash tree, Fraxinus
pennsylvanica, 'Cimmzam', is a fast growing ash tree that has
beautiful glossy purple-colored leaves for showy foliage. |
Autumn
Purple Ash Zones 3-9 The Autumn Purple White
Ash, Fraxinus americana, 'Autumn Purple', is a seedless male
tree and is a cultivar of the species which is native to moist
areas. |
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Tulip Poplar -
Liriodendron tulipifera
- Faster
Excellent
specimen trees where the shapely form can best be appreciated. Sometimes
sold on the strength of masses of tulip-like flowers in the spring.
It's true that they do produce them, though they are inconspicuous from
a distance their pale green and yellow color blending in with the trees
leaves. The leaves are deep green and turn a blazing golden yellow in
fall. A valuable shade tree Fast-growing, hardy and highly resistant
to insects and diseases.
To 80 feet tall. Zones
- all, deciduous
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Colorado Blue Spruce
- Picea pungens glauca -
Faster
A must in every yard, an
excellent fast growing evergreen tree. Glistening, steel blue coloring
and graceful conical shape. Blue Spruce will add real value to your
property. Have the added pleasure of shaping your tree just the way
you want while you watch it grow. So dense growing these make superb
windbreaks or privacy screens where there is space enough for large
spreading trees. Makes a great outdoor Christmas tree to festoon with
lights.
The Colorado Blue Spruce tree, Picea
Pungens, is a pyramidal shaped evergreen with steel blue foliage. It
prefers heavier soils, full sun, and clean cultivation.
To
50 feet tall and 20 foot spread. Zones 3 - 7
evergreen
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Douglas Fir - Pseudotsuga
menziesii syn. P. taxifola, P. douglasii -
Faster
A tall growing conical dark
fir with bluish-green needles a a well-shaped pyramidal form. Beautiful
fir tree is excellent for use as windbreaks or background plantings.
a splendid pyramidal evergreen.
To 80 - 160 feet
tall at maturity and 20 to 30 feet spread. Zones 3 - 6,
evergreen
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Canadian Hemlock
-
Tsuga canadensis -
Faster
The Canadian Hemlock tree, Tsuga canadensis, is also called
Eastern Hemlock or Hemlock spruce.
For use as a specimen tree
or as an excellent hedge. Canadian Hemlock is often called the most
graceful of all evergreens. The foliage is a soft blue green color that
grows in flat, feathery layers all the way to the ground. It can be
sheared to any formal shape desired as well as a privet hedge can. Whether
sheared, or left unsheared, this hedge remains neat and attractive.
Easily adapts to a wide
range of soils, requires protection from prevailing winds the first
year planted. Will grow 1-3' annually.
To 70 feet tall and 30
foot spread. Zones 3 - 8,
evergreen
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Dawn Redwood
- Metsequoia glyptostroboides
- Faster
Flourishes
in almost any soil or climate, on dry sites growth slows after 30 approx.
30 feet tall, in moist or even damp or waterlogged soils it keeps on
going. A handsome narrowly conical specimen tree, plant it, water, and
stand back to watch it grow 3 - 6' a year with no spraying, fertilizing,
pruning or cutting. From springtime green, the fern-like leaves turn
orange-brown to dark brown in fall.
To 70 - 130 feet tall
and 15 foot spread or more. Zones 4 - 8,
evergreen
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Scotch or Scots Pine -
Pinus sylvestris -
Fast
A
magnificent tree, tall and stately, will grow up to 2 feet in a season.
Pyramidal when young, then develops to conical to columnar-conical shape.
Grows in a pyramidal form, 40-75 feet tall. Stiff, bluish-green needles
stay dense and thick all year long, block wind with a vengeance.
To 50 - 100 feet tall with
a 20 - 28 foot spread. Zones 2 to 8 - evergreen
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Black Walnut
- Juglans
Nigra - Fast
The
black walnut is a good cropper in climates where summers are suitably
long and warm (zone 6 and above) to give the nuts time to ripen properly.
In all zones it is a good shapely shade tree, not as fast growing as
many on this page, but longer lived, sturdier and provides valuable
wood.
A wife
a dog and a walnut tree, the more you beat them the better they be.
traditional
To 40 feet
tall and wide. Zones - all,
deciduous
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